Immunologic Mechanisms in Advanced Pathophysiology

Assignment: Immunologic Mechanisms in Advanced Pathophysiology

Learning Objectives

By the end of this assignment, students will be able to:

• Differentiate between innate, passive, active, and adaptive immunity.
• Apply immunologic principles to clinical scenarios.
• Analyze immune responses in acute and chronic conditions.
• Integrate pathophysiologic mechanisms into advanced nursing practice.

AACN Essentials Alignment

This assignment aligns with the following AACN Essentials (2021):

• Domain 1: Knowledge for Nursing Practice
  • 1.1 Demonstrate an understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying health and illness.
• Domain 2: Person-Centered Care
  • 2.2 Apply clinical reasoning and judgment in the provision of person-centered care.
• Domain 6: Interprofessional Partnerships
  • 6.1 Communicate effectively with healthcare team members to optimize care.

Case Study-Based Questions

Case Study 1: Pediatric RSV Infection

A 6-month-old infant presents with wheezing, cough, and fever. The mother reports the child has not received any vaccinations yet. Nasal swab confirms RSV.

Questions:

1. What type of immunity is primarily responsible for the infants initial response to RSV?
2. If the infant received palivizumab (a monoclonal antibody), what type of immunity would that represent?
3. Explain how adaptive immunity would develop in this infant over time.

Case Study 2: Adult with Hepatitis B Exposure

A 32-year-old nurse experiences a needlestick injury from a patient with active Hepatitis B. She receives Hepatitis B immunoglobulin and begins the Hepatitis B vaccine series.

Questions:

1. What type of immunity is provided by the immunoglobulin?
2. What type of immunity is developed from the vaccine?
3. Describe the role of memory B cells in long-term protection.

Case Study 3: Autoimmune Thyroiditis

A 45-year-old woman is diagnosed with Hashimotos thyroiditis. Lab results show elevated anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies.

Questions:

1. Which arm of the immune system is dysregulated in autoimmune thyroiditis?
2. How does adaptive immunity contribute to tissue damage in this condition?
3. What are the implications for APN management of autoimmune diseases? PLEASE USE LESS THEN 10% AI PLEASE.. SEE ATTACHED RUBRIC. PLEASE ANSWER THE THREE QUESTIONS PROVIDED FOR EVERY CASE STUDIES.

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