I will upload the rubric.
This is the bibliography of relevant sources: ACLU of Minnesota. ACLU, ACLU of Minnesota Sue Federal Government to End ICE, CBP’s Practice of Suspicionless Stops, Warrantless Arrests, and Racial Profiling of Minnesotans. ACLU Minnesota, 14 Jan. 2026, www.aclu-mn.org/press-releases/ice-lawsuit2/.
Brennan Center for Justice. DHS Warrantless Home-Entry Memos Fourth Amendment Problem. Brennan Center for Justice, 1 Feb. 2026, www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/dhs-warrantless-home-entry-memos-fourth-amendment-problem.
Department of Homeland Security. DHS Makes Common Sense Courthouse Arrests of Criminal Illegal Aliens. DHS News, 6 May 2025, www.dhs.gov/news/2025/05/06/dhs-makes-common-sense-courthouse-arrests-criminal-illegal-aliens.
Lawsuit Challenges ICE Ability to Enter Homes Without Warrants, U.S. Judges Say. Reuters, 30 Jan. 2026, www.reuters.com/legal/government/lawsuit-challenges-ice-ability-enter-homes-without-warrants-us-judges-2026-01-30/.
Federal Judge Rules Against Warrantless Immigration Arrests at Courthouses. Associated Press, 2025, apnews.com/ (see AP archives).
Court Blocks Release of Hundreds of Immigrants Arrested in Crackdown Near Chicago. PBS Newshour, 12 Dec. 2025, www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/court-blocks-release-of-hundreds-of-immigrants-arrested-in-crackdown-near-chicago.
Das, Alina. The Law and Lawlessness of U.S. Immigration Detention. Harvard Law Review, vol. 138, no. 5, Mar. 2025, pp. 11871259.
News & Observer. Minnesotans Testify in Federal Court About Racial Profiling by ICE Agents. 18 Feb. 2026, www.newsobserver.com/news/nation-world/national/article314753172.html.
And this is my idea lf what the essay might look like. A rough outline:
Introduction: The essay argues that although immigration enforcement can be legitimate, ICEs current practices violate constitutional safeguards and create harms that extend beyond individual cases to institutional trust and public safety.
Fourth Amendment: ICE violates the Fourth Amendment by relying on administrative warrants and warrantless arrests, removing neutral judicial oversight that is meant to restrain executive power.
Fifth Amendment: These Fourth Amendment violations lead directly to Fifth Amendment harms by denying meaningful access to courts and due process, especially through courthouse arrests and enforcement that blocks hearings.
Why this matters (structural claim): When judicial checks are bypassed, enforcement power concentrates in the executive branch, enabling racial targeting, arbitrary decision-making, and errors such as the detention of U.S. citizens.
Hypocrisy of courthouse arrests: Courthouse arrests are especially damaging because they contradict the governments own encouragement to follow legal processes, effectively punishing compliance rather than unlawful behavior.
Loss of institutional trust: Racial targeting, wrongful arrests, and hypocritical enforcement together erode trust in government institutions.
Downstream consequences: That loss of trust leads to reduced cooperation with law enforcement, lower crime reporting, and weakened community safety.
Counterargument (public safety): DHS argues that aggressive enforcement tactics are necessary to protect public safety.
Rebuttal to public safety: In practice, these tactics have made communities less safe, while existing constitutional toolsjudicial warrants, sensitive-location protections, and targeted exigent procedurescan achieve enforcement goals without undermining rights.
Efficiency counterargument: Critics argue that strict adherence to constitutional procedures slows enforcement and reduces efficiency.
Rebuttal to efficiency: The rule of law is not an optional convenience, and demanding procedural compliance from immigrants while excusing constitutional shortcuts by the government reflects a dangerous double standard.
Conclusion: Reinstating judicial oversight, limiting enforcement in sensitive locations, and increasing transparency would restore constitutional legitimacy, rebuild trust, and better serve public safety.

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