Hospital acquired infection in n post surgical patients

Patient Background: Mrs. Evelyn Carter is a 72-year-old female admitted for an elective total hip replacement. Her medical history includes type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, both moderately controlled. The surgery was completed without complications. As part of her postoperative management, she received prophylactic IV antibiotics and had an indwelling urinary catheter placed for accurate urine output monitoring due to limited mobility. Clinical Presentation: Mrs. Carter recovered well initially. However, on postoperative day 5, she began complaining of: Lower abdominal discomfort Suprapubic tenderness Increased urinary urgency despite catheter placement Cloudy urine observed in the catheter tubing Mild confusion and lethargy Her temperature was 100.9F (38.3C), and laboratory studies revealed: Elevated white blood cell count Mild increase in serum creatinine Positive urinalysis for leukocyte esterase and nitrites negative Significant pyuria Urine culture was obtained from the catheter port using sterile technique. Laboratory Findings: Gram stain of culture: image.png Blood agar culture showed non-hemolytic colonies. image.png Catalase test: image.png Bile esculin test: image.png Growth in 6.5% NaCl: image.png Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed: image.png Vancomyocin image.png Linezolid PYR Test: image.png Further examination of the removed catheter showed visible biofilm accumulation on the internal lumen. Diagnostic Evaluation: Based on the Gram stain and culture results, what is the most likely causative organism (genus) (include if it is gram +/-) and what do each of the cultures mean? Why is Mrs. Carter at higher risk for this type of infection? What additional laboratory tests could confirm the species of the pathogen and guide treatment? Once you figure out the genus and what extra testing can be done to figure out species email me and I will confirm (hj225@nova.edu) Introduction What is the microbiology of this pathogen? What is the prevalence of this pathogen? Where is it typically found? Is it opportunistic? If so what causes it to become pathogenic? Who is susceptible? What does the antibiotic susceptibility result suggest about treatment options? If the infection were untreated or improperly managed, what complications could arise? Application to Healthcare Practice: How might this infection have been prevented in a hospital setting? Explain the importance of proper wound care and aseptic technique in preventing hospital-acquired infections. Discuss the role of healthcare providers in infection control, including hand hygiene and monitoring for early signs of infection. Describe how antibiotic resistance impacts treatment options and patient care. What healthcare interventions are crucial in managing hospital-acquired infections? ***See rubric for grading criteria*** MUST upload as a word document and must submit your original document ONLY! Name your saved original document under the following “Your Name BIOL2400 Case Study 1”. Do NOT delete the document from your computer after submission. Once it is graded, then you may delete if you want. If you are flagged for AI, you will receive an automatic zero. You will not be able to see AI flagged on your end, but I can see it on mine.