Rewrite the below summary
Summary of Findings
The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease demonstrates high methodological quality and strong alignment with established standards for guideline development as assessed using the AGREE Reporting Checklist. The guideline clearly defines its scope and purpose, addressing the identification, evaluation, risk stratification, and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) across diverse patient populations. Objectives and clinical questions are explicitly stated, with a primary focus on slowing disease progression, reducing cardiovascular morbidity, and improving patient-centered outcomes.
Stakeholder involvement is evident through the participation of a multidisciplinary, international panel of nephrologists, researchers, and methodologists. The KDOQI U.S. Commentary further supports stakeholder engagement by contextualizing KDIGO recommendations for application within U.S. clinical practice. Target users include nephrologists, primary care clinicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, pharmacists, and interdisciplinary care teams, highlighting the guidelines broad applicability across care settings.
The rigor of development is a major strength of the guideline. Recommendations are informed by systematic literature reviews and graded evidence, and each recommendation is accompanied by practice points and supporting rationale. The commentary describes a structured review and consensus process, as well as external review and approval by the National Kidney Foundation and KDOQI leadership. Benefits and potential harms of therapiessuch as sodiumglucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonistsare explicitly discussed, enhancing clinical decision-making.
Clarity of presentation is excellent, with recommendations organized in a logical sequence and supported by tables, figures, and algorithms that facilitate rapid clinical reference. The guideline also addresses applicability by identifying facilitators and barriers to implementation, including challenges related to laboratory testing, medication access, workforce limitations, and electronic health record integration. Practical tools for monitoring kidney function and albuminuria, as well as guidance on follow-up intervals and risk thresholds, further strengthen its usability in practice.
Editorial independence is clearly reported, with disclosure of funding sources and competing interests, and a statement that funding bodies did not influence guideline content. Overall, the KDIGO 2024 CKD guideline meets high-quality standards across all AGREE domains and is appropriate for guiding advanced practice registered nurse (APRN)led management of patients with CKD in primary and specialty care settings.
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