Algebra is a branch of mathematics that uses symbols, letters (called variables), and numbers to represent values and relationships. Instead of solving problems using only known numbers, algebra allows us to work with unknown values and find them using equations and formulas. It helps us understand patterns, solve real-life problems, and describe relationships between quantities.
In algebra, we use expressions, equations, inequalities, and formulas. An expression is a mathematical phrase like 3x + 5. An equation shows that two expressions are equal, such as 3x + 5 = 20. We solve equations to find the value of the variable. Algebra also teaches rules for simplifying expressions, combining like terms, factoring, and working with exponents.
Algebra is important because it builds logical thinking and problem-solving skills. It is used in science, engineering, economics, technology, and everyday life situations like budgeting, measuring, and calculating time and distance.
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