8500-9000 words disstertaion

Research aim The goal of this dissertation is to investigate how differing environments for exchange-rate relationships appear in the recorded and publicly traded managerial outputs of multinational automotive enterprises, with the UAE (USD-pegged AED) and Egypt (flexible/variable EGP) as the country setting and Nissan and Hyundai as embedded comparative from the studies’ internal or decision-making processes, but from the observable decision outputs. The practical implication of this is what has been made: research into which is dependable traceability through time-stamping of digital documents: list price changes & price circulars, publicly available commercial terms that allocate repricing risk for public and public sponsorship of and messaging around affordability and targeted messaging signalling longer term activities such as localisation of (local assembly, local sourcing and model mix positioning) which can be observed. This scope is intentionally designed to be achievable and auditable by digital secondary data only. The thesis does not consider causal price elasticities or econometric pass-through coefficients, nor does it assume access to internal treasury policies, hedge ratios, or dealer-level balance-sheet metrics unless known, for example, from public sources. Instead, it will evaluate how exchange rate regime conditions seem to determine the rate, shape, and conditionality of commercially visible behaviour, and whether similar trends are present for the four brandcountry cases. Research objectives. 1. Document the exchange-rate regime context and key FX episodes as reference points for comparison. The dissertation will construct a regime calendar for each country with official, reputable public evidence from official and respected public documents (policy statements, major regime markers, well-known high-movement episodes). These timelines are the anchors to study when and how pricing and commercial terms develop for periods when the currency conditions are expected to be operationally most meaningful. The point of the program is not to attempt to measure volatility from a statistical perspective, but to generate a defensible historical chronology of regime conditions and salient events that might be traced along with past business outputs. 2. Use time-stamped digital price records to compare Nissan and Hyundai list-price revision behaviour across UAE and Egypt. Using existing price lists (in the form of price circulars) that have effective dates, the dissertation will compare the frequency of lists with an apparent adjustment, the methods of how revisions are communicated (e.g. effective immediately notices and replacement circulars), and differences in the apparent scale of adjustments across contexts and brands. The focus is on pricing responsiveness as a measurable managerial output: is it more steady and periodic, or are the changes clustered around important FX moments, episodic? Where model-year refreshes and specification changes are experienced, these will be reported explicitly so as not to lose sight of the possibility of confusing product change with regime-only price reactions. 3. Compare public commercial terms and quote/booking conditions, indicating the allocation of repricing risk. This dissertation will analyse available terms and conditions and any language associated with price lists and sales communications publicly (e.g., prices subject to change, wording regarding validity, conditions for making or reserving a deal, references to deposits, conditions for cancellation/refund if posted). The aim is: A comparison between the flexible-rate environment and stable-peg environment in terms of more conditional terms and more public-facing regulations, and the difference by brand. This directly connects to the larger issue of how FX uncertainty translates into market-facing contractual roles, without having to undertake interviews or process internal contracts. 4. Consider public evidence regarding FX risk management controls and market frictions. Where there are public disclosures available (such as corporate communications, distributor statements, the annual reports of related entities or specific announcements regarding currency and import conditions), the dissertation will observe how FX conditions are described and what constraints are recognised (e.g., import cost constraints, currency payment issues, financing constraints). This aim is purposely cast as not a comprehensive mapping of a hedging strategy, but as public evidence, since detailed treasury practices are traditionally internal. The objective is to capture what firms and channel partners are prepared and capable of publicly revealing, which assists in interpreting pricing and policy outputs in the UAE versus Egypt. 5. Compare public financing and promotional signals used to maintain affordability and demand under different FX conditions. In it, we will examine brand/distributor/dealer promotional materials and publicly available financing offers (instalment plan advertisements, deposit levels highlighted in marketing, bank-partner campaigns, and limited-time messaging) as visible indicators of how affordability is managed (by those who can access them) when currency conditions and imported costs make this more difficult. This does not purport to measure the mechanics of working capital directly (e.g., cash conversion cycles), but does provide the opportunity to compare observable market activity to keep revenue and customer accessibility up in both time periods. 6. Applying official announcements, strategic communications will compare localisation and longer-run investment signalling across cases. The dissertation will investigate public announcements, press releases, and official statements on localisation (assembly, sourcing, supplier development, capacity updates and model portfolio decision making). We consider the extent to which currency and import-cost factors are explicitly accounted for in the rationale in Egypt more than in the UAE, and whether Nissan and Hyundai differ in the use of these as a strategic response to localisation. The focus is to view the process of localisation not as a matter of measuring confidential project economics, but as a documented process of strategic narrative and commitment progression. 7. Synthesise cross-case implications by identifying which decision outputs seem regime-sensitive, and what that means for multinational operations. The dissertation will conclude by identifying the decision domains that reveal most clearly and consistently regime-linked differences in the documented output of firms (e.g., list updates and their frequency, conditionality of pricing language, change of public finance message, prominence of localisation rationale). The results are well-formulated sets of rules for multinational car operations to operate under stable-peg and flexible-rate regimes, including governance and policy design that are transparent to markets (pricing publication practices, customer-term clarity and communications strategy under FX). Research question; How is the exchange-rate regime (USD peg in the UAE compared to a flexible exchange rate in Egypt) related to firms strategic and financial decisions, as observed for the two aforementioned automotive firms, Nissan and Hyundai? Supporting sub-questions (non-statistical, evidence-based): – Are official price lists/price circulars modified more frequently or with greater suddenness in times of pronounced FX stress in Egypt relative to the UAE, and is the communication style more conditional (e.g., using subject to change language)? – Are publicly seen quote/booking and sales-term conditions indicative of an asymmetric distribution of repricing risk (to customers or dealers) in Egypt, relative to the UAE? -Does public financing promotion and affordability messaging seem to increase or change in Egypt FX stress situations relative to those in the UAE, and are Nissan and Hyundai different in these signals? – In public strategic communications, is localisation presented more directly as a reflection of import cost and currency exposure in Egypt than in the UAE? Critical propositions (assessed through cross-case comparisons of digital trace evidence rather than statistical tests) P1: Pricing responsiveness and cost conditionality will be more apparent in Egypt than in the UAE. In the context of Egypt, the dissertation anticipates increased issuance of updated price lists/circulars in response to FX-stress, specific effective from changes around high-profile episodes and greater occurrence and presence of conditional pricing language in the news materials. In the UAE cases, pricing outputs are expected to act relatively stable and less contingent, and this is in line with the planning benefits of a peg environment. P2: More repricing risk to Egypt than in the UAE is allocated to public-facing commercial terms. In the cases in Egypt where public terms are available, the country is expected to display more severe disclaimers and more restrictive booking/quote conditions (for instance: more prominent prices subject to change language, shorter stated validity terms if published, more explicit reservation/deposit rules that cut seller downside). In the UAE scenarios, terms will seem more stable and be less frequently amended, reflecting lower short-term currency uncertainty. P3: Affordability and financing-related messaging will change more in terms of FX stress in Egypt as opposed to the UAE. The thesis anticipates that promotional focus on instalments, deposits and short-term finance campaigns will be greater and/or more flexible in Egypt at high-pressure moments (acting as a visible market response to affordability uncertainty and cost challenges). On the UAE side, the messaging is likely to be relatively less sensitive to currency movements, although competitive and possibly seasonal reasons. P4: Localisation and cost of imports narratives will be more prominent in Egypt than in the UAE. In Egypt, official press should also be more explicit about import costs, currency pressures and resiliency in cases of local assembly, sourcing, or strategic model selections. Given the peg scenario and the different national industrial structure in the UAE, localisation will be less predominant as a reaction to FX conditions, and investment signalling will focus on the level of local growth, regional distribution, market penetration or product strategy.

this is the feedback given after i submitted my propsal

Research Design, Methods and Data Analysis The methodology is poorly defined. There is no discussion of how similar FX regime studies have been conducted previously, which analytical frameworks have been used, or how the proposed study fits within existing theoretical approaches, which again is a key requirement of the assessment. Key methodological elements are missing, including dependent and independent variables, mediators/moderators, and analytical techniques. While the student proposes using secondary data, specific data sources and databases are not identified, raising concerns about feasibility and research viability. Research Aims and Objectives Although the aims and objectives are stated, they are not grounded in academic literature, which is the main purpose of this assignment to demonstrate how previous research and academic literature shape and frame the proposed research questions. Section F3 contains no references, which undermines the purpose of the assignment. The scope of the aims appears overly ambitious given dissertation time constraints. Critically, the time frame of the analysis is not defined (e.g. pre-/post-COVID, specific FX volatility periods), despite the study relying on secondary data. This lack of temporal definition significantly weakens the research scope. Second market Comment Project Description The topicexamining the impact of foreign exchange (FX) regimes on vehicle prices across Hyundai and Nissan in the UAE and Egyptis interesting and has potential managerial relevance for manufacturers, distributors, and dealers. However, the connection to International Management is unclear The proposal does not sufficiently frame the study in terms of managerial decision-making (e.g. risk management, pricing strategy, communication, profitability, or customer expectations) and does not engage with the sufficient literature to identify the gap the that this research will fill. A justification for selection of industry focus (automotive), the choice of brands (Hyundai and Nissan), and the geographic comparison (UAE vs Egypt) is needed. Furthermore, temporal context for this research needs early definition, over what period will student be studying the impact of FX regime? Research design and methods and data analysis This is where most of the work has to be done. What data will you use? What will you do with the data? How will this help you answer the research question and cover the aims and objectives. Start small and build. What data do you have available? How can you use this data to understand the pricing of cars under a fixed and variable exchange rate regime? What other factors are affecting pricing? Research Aims and Objectives Make these focused, simple and clear. Managers have to set prices. How do they do this? How is this complicated by exchange rates taxes etc. Why these two cases? Why these motor manufacturers? What time period? Project Description I think that you need to make clear the management issue with exchange rates. How can they manage exchange rate movements. You will compare a fixed exchange rate and a variable rate. What issues do managers face? What theories can be used to understand management responses.? —- INTRODUCTION – LITERATURE REVIEW – METHODOLOGY – CONCLUSION we can start with the introduction and literature review as the first stage.

Requirements: 8500 – 9000 words

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